Se denomina objetivo al dispositivo que contiene el conjunto de lentes convergentes y divergentes y, en algunos casos, el sistema de enfoque y/o obturación, que forman parte de la óptica de una cámara tanto fotográfica como de vídeo. Su función es redireccionar los haces de luz para crear una imagen "óptica" en un soporte fotosensible, permitir un enfoque lo más preciso posible y mantener una colimación constante de los elementos ópticos. Este soporte fue evolucionando de las primeras etapas de la fotografía química, a los sensores de imagen en el caso de una cámara digital.

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A camera lens (also known as photographic lens or photographic objective) is an optical lens or assembly of lenses used in conjunction with a camera body and mechanism to make images of objects either on photographic film or on other media capable of storing an image chemically or electronically. There is no major difference in principle between a lens used for a still camera, a video camera, a telescope, a microscope, or other apparatus, but the detailed design and construction are different. A lens may be permanently fixed to a camera, or it may be interchangeable with lenses of different focal lengths, apertures, and other properties. While in principle a simple convex lens will suffice, in practice a compound lens made up of a number of optical lens elements is required to correct (as much as possible) the many optical aberrations that arise. Some aberrations will be present in any lens system. It is the job of the lens designer to balance these and produce a design that is suitable for photographic use and possibly mass production.

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