En informática, un periférico de entrada/salida o E/S (en inglés: input/output o I/O) es un dispositivo que permite la comunicación entre un sistema de procesamiento de información, tal como la computadora y el mundo exterior, y posiblemente un humano u otro sistema de procesamiento de información. Los periféricos de Entrada/Salida son utilizados por una persona (o sistema) para comunicarse con computadoras. Por ejemplo, las pantallas táctiles o multitáctiles se consideran periféricos de Entrada/Salida. En cambio, un teclado, ratón o escáner pueden ser periféricos de E para una computadora, mientras que los monitores, parlantes e impresoras se consideran los dispositivos de S de la computadora. Dispositivos o periféricos de comunicación entre computadoras, tales como módems y tarjetas de red, por lo general sirven para entrada y salida. También, los dispositivos de almacenamiento de datos, como los discos rígidos, las unidad de estado sólido, las memorias flash, las disqueteras, entre otros, se pueden considerar periféricos de E/S.

Leer el artículo completo en Wikipedia · CC-BY-SA

In computing, input/output or I/O (or, informally, io or IO) is the communication between an information processing system, such as a computer, and the outside world, possibly a human or another information processing system. Inputs are the signals or data received by the system and outputs are the signals or data sent from it. The term can also be used as part of an action; to "perform I/O" is to perform an input or output operation. I/O devices are used by a human (or other system) to communicate with a computer. For instance, a keyboard or mouse is an input device for a computer, while monitors and printers are output devices. Devices for communication between computers, such as modems and network cards, typically perform both input and output operations. Note that the designation of a device as either input or output depends on perspective. Mouse and keyboards take physical movements that the human user outputs and convert them into input signals that a computer can understand; the output from these devices is the computer's input. Similarly, printers and monitors take signals that a computer outputs as input, and they convert these signals into a representation that human users can understand. From the human user's perspective, the process of reading or seeing these representations is receiving input; this type of interaction between computers and humans is studied in the field of human–computer interaction. In computer architecture, the combination of the CPU and main memory, to which the CPU can read or write directly using individual instructions, is considered the brain of a computer. Any transfer of information to or from the CPU/memory combo, for example by reading data from a disk drive, is considered I/O. The CPU and its supporting circuitry may provide memory-mapped I/O that is used in low-level computer programming, such as in the implementation of device drivers, or may provide access to I/O channels. An I/O algorithm is one designed to exploit locality and perform efficiently when exchanging data with a secondary storage device, such as a disk drive.

Leer el artículo completo en Wikipedia · CC-BY-SA