El Libro de los Cinco Anillos (en japonés Go-rin no sho) es un tratado sobre el Kenjutsu escrito por Miyamoto Musashi en su vejez, durante su retiro de ermitaño en la Cueva de Reigandō en 1643, y finalizado el 19 de mayo de 1645, pocas semanas antes de su muerte. El libro está dedicado a su pupilo Terao Magonojo. Se considera un tratado clásico sobre la estrategia militar de Japón, en una línea semejante al Arte de la Guerra, escrito por el estratega chino Sun Tzu. A diferencia de otros samuráis o ronin, Musashi desechó en su día la idea de fundar una escuela de kenjutsu (la cual más tarde perfeccionaría y llamaría como Niten Ichi Ryu) aprovechando su fama y prestigio en todo el Japón de la época, y prefirió una vida más espartana de dedicación exclusiva al estudio del arte de la espada mediante constantes viajes y vagabundeos por todo el país.

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The Book of Five Rings (五輪書 Go Rin no Sho) is a text on kenjutsu and the martial arts in general, written by the swordsman Miyamoto Musashi circa 1645. There have been various translations made over the years, and it enjoys an audience considerably broader than only that of martial artists: for instance, some business leaders find its discussion of conflict and taking the advantage to be relevant to their work. The modern-day Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū employs it as a manual of technique and philosophy. Musashi establishes a "no-nonsense" theme throughout the text. For instance, he repeatedly remarks that technical flourishes are excessive, and contrasts worrying about such things with the principle that all technique is simply a method of cutting down one's opponent. He also continually makes the point that the understandings expressed in the book are important for combat on any scale, whether a one-on-one duel or a massive battle. Descriptions of principles are often followed by admonitions to "investigate this thoroughly" through practice rather than trying to learn them by merely reading. Musashi describes and advocates a two-sword fencing style (nitōjutsu): that is, wielding both katana and wakizashi, contrary to the more traditional method of wielding the katana two-handed. However, he only explicitly describes wielding two swords in a section on fighting against many adversaries. The stories of his many duels rarely refer to Musashi himself wielding two swords, although, since they are mostly oral traditions, their details may be inaccurate. Some suggest that Musashi's meaning was not so much wielding two swords "simultaneously", but rather acquiring the proficiency to (singly) wield either sword in either hand as the need arose. However, Musashi states within the volume that one should train with a long sword in each hand, thereby training the body and improving one's ability to use two blades simultaneously.

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