En los lenguajes informáticos, una palabra reservada es una palabra que tiene un significado gramatical especial para ese lenguaje y no puede ser utilizada como un identificador de objetos en códigos del mismo, como pueden ser las variables. Por ejemplo, en SQL, un usuario no puede ser llamado "group", porque la palabra group es usada para indicar que un identificador se refiere a un grupo, no a un usuario. Al tratarse de una palabra clave su uso queda restringido. Ocasionalmente la especificación de un lenguaje de programación puede tener palabras reservadas que están previstas para un posible uso en futuras versiones. En Java const y goto son palabras reservadas — no tienen significado en Java, pero tampoco pueden ser usadas como identificadores. Al reservar los términos pueden ser implementados en futuras versiones de Java, si se desea, sin que el código fuente más antiguo escrito en Java deje de funcionar.

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In a computer language, a reserved word (also known as a reserved identifier) is a word that cannot be used as an identifier, such as the name of a variable, function, or label – it is "reserved from use". This is a syntactic definition, and a reserved word may have no meaning. A closely related and often conflated notion is a keyword which is a word with special meaning in a particular context. This is a semantic definition. By contrast, names in a standard library but not built into the language are not considered reserved words or keywords. The terms "reserved word" and "keyword" are often used interchangeably – one may say that a reserved word is "reserved for use as a keyword" – and formal use varies from language to language; for this article we distinguish as above. In general reserved words and keywords need not coincide, but in most modern languages keywords are a subset of reserved words, as this makes parsing easier, since keywords cannot be confused with identifiers. In some languages, like C or Python, reserved words and keywords coincide, while in other languages, like Java, all keywords are reserved words, but some reserved words are not keywords – these are "reserved for future use". In yet other languages, such as the older languages ALGOL, FORTRAN and PL/I, there are keywords but no reserved words, with keywords being distinguished from identifiers by other means. This makes parsing more difficult with look-ahead parsers necessary.

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