El francobordo o borda libre, según lo definido en el Convenio Internacional sobre Líneas de Carga de la Organización Marítima Internacional (IMO), es la distancia medida verticalmente en el centro del buque, desde la intersección de la cara superior de la cubierta de francobordo con la superficie exterior del forro, hasta la línea de carga correspondiente.

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In sailing and boating, a vessel's freeboardis the distance from the waterline to the upper deck level, measured at the lowest point of sheer where water can enter the boat or ship. In commercial vessels, the latter criterion measured relative to the ship's load line, regardless of deck arrangements, is the mandated and regulated meaning. In yachts, a low freeboard is often found on racing boats, for weight reduction and therefore increased speed. A higher freeboard will give more room in the cabin, but will increase weight and may compromise speed. A higher freeboard also helps weather waves and reduce the likelihood of being washed over by full water waves on the weather deck. A low-freeboard boat is susceptible to taking in water in rough seas. Freighter ships and warships use high freeboard designs to increase internal volume which also allows them to satisfy IMO damage stability regulations due to increased reserved buoyancy.

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