Chu shogi (中将棋 chū shōgi, "mid[-sized] shogi") is a strategy board game native to Japan. It is similar to modern shogi (sometimes called Japanese chess) in its rules and gameplay. Its name means "mid-sized shogi", from a time when there were three sizes of shogi variants that were regularly being played. Chu shogi seems to have been developed in the early 14th century as a derivative of dai shogi ("large shogi"). There are earlier references, but it is not clear that they refer to the game as we now know it. With fewer pieces than dai shogi, the game is considered more exciting, and was still commonly played in Japan in the early 20th century, especially in Kyoto. The game largely died out after World War II despite the advocacy of prominent shogi players such as Fumiaki Okazaki and Ōyama Yasuharu (who played chu shogi when young and credited it with the development of his personal cautious and tenacious shogi style). It has gained some adherents in the West, and still maintains a society (the Chushogi Renmei, or Japanese Chu Shogi Association) and an online following in Japan. The main reference work in English is the Middle Shogi Manual by George Hodges.

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