El Kuomintang o KMT (chino tradicional: 中國國民黨, chino simplificado: 中国国民党, pinyin: Zhōngguó Guómíndǎng, Wade-Giles: Chung-kuo Kuo-min-tang, literalmente «Partido Nacionalista Chino») es un partido político nacionalista chino de la República de China fundado tras la Revolución de Xinhai de 1911. El triunfo de la revolución en 1912 conllevó la abdicación del último emperador de la dinastía Qing, Puyi, y el abandono del gobierno imperial por el republicano. Actualmente, el Kuomingtang funciona en Taiwán y está considerado un partido conservador, miembro de la Unión Internacional Demócrata (a la que pertenecen partidos como el Partido Conservador británico, el Partido Republicano de los Estados Unidos y el Partido Popular español). La transcripción más frecuente del nombre, utilizada de manera oficial por el propio partido, está basada en el sistema Wade-Giles. En la literatura especializada sobre historia china es también frecuente el uso de la transcripción en el sistema pinyin Guomindang, abreviado a veces como GMD, por analogía con la sigla tradicional KMT.

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The Kuomintang of China (/ˌkwoʊmɪnˈtɑːŋ/ or /-ˈtæŋ/; KMT), often translated as the Nationalist Party of China or Chinese Nationalist Party, also spelled as Guomindang (/ˌɡwoʊmɪnˈdɑːŋ/; GMD) by its Pinyin transliteration, is a major political party in the Republic of China (Taiwan), currently the second-largest in the country. The predecessor of the KMT, the Revolutionary Alliance, was one of the major advocates of the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty and the establishment of a republic. The KMT was founded by Song Jiaoren and Sun Yat-sen shortly after the Xinhai Revolution of 1911. Sun was the provisional president but he did not have military power and ceded the first presidency to the military leader Yuan Shikai. After Yuan's death, China was divided by warlords, while the KMT was able to control only part of the south. Later led by Chiang Kai-shek, the KMT formed the National Revolutionary Army and succeeded in its Northern Expedition to unify much of China in 1928. It was the ruling party in mainland China from 1928 until its retreat to Taiwan in 1949 after being defeated by the Communist Party of China (CPC) during the Chinese Civil War. In Taiwan, the KMT continued as the single ruling party until the reforms in the late 1970s through the 1990s loosened its grip on power. Since 1987, the Republic of China is no longer a single-party state; however, the KMT remains one of the main political parties. The KMT is currently the main opposition party in the Legislative Yuan. The guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, advocated by Sun Yat-sen. Its party headquarters are located in Taipei. The KMT is a member of the International Democrat Union. The previous president, Ma Ying-jeou, elected in 2008 and re-elected in 2012, was the seventh KMT member to hold the office of the presidency. Together with the People First Party and Chinese New Party, the KMT forms what is known as the Taiwanese Pan-Blue Coalition, which supports eventual unification with the mainland. However, the KMT has been forced to moderate its stance by advocating the political and legal status quo of modern Taiwan. The KMT accepts a "One China Principle" – it officially considers that there is only one China, but that the Republic of China rather than the People's Republic of China is its legitimate government under the 1992 Consensus. However, since 2008, in order to ease tensions with the PRC, the KMT endorses the "three noes" policy as defined by Ma Ying-jeou – no unification, no independence and no use of force.

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