La bicameralidad es la práctica de tener dos cámaras legislativas. En ese sentido, un parlamento bicameral es un parlamento o congreso que posee dos cámaras: una Cámara baja, generalmente denominada Cámara de Diputados, y una Cámara alta, habitualmente llamada Senado. Algunos de los estados bicamerales son: Alemania,Argentina,Australia,Austria,Bahamas,Barbados,Baréin,Bélgica,Belice,Bielorrusia,Bolivia,Bosnia y Herzegovina, Brasil,Burundi, Camboya, Canadá, Chile,Colombia,Eslovenia,España,Estados Unidos de América, Etiopía, Rusia, Filipinas,Francia,Granada,Haití,India,Indonesia,Irlanda,Islas Marshall, Italia, Jamaica,Japón,Jordania,Kazajstán,Lesoto,Liberia,Madagascar,Malasia,Marruecos,Mauritania,México,Namibia,Nigeria,Países Bajos,Pakistán,Palaos, Paraguay, Polonia,Reino Unido,República Checa,República Democrática del Congo, República Dominicana,Nepal,Rumania,Santa Lucía, Senegal,Somalia, Sudáfrica,Suiza,Tailandia,Tajikistán,Trinidad y Tobago,Uruguay y Zimbabue.

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A bicameral legislature is one in which the legislators are divided into two separate assemblies, chambers or houses. Bicameralism is distinguished from unicameralism, in which all of the members deliberate and vote as a single group, and from some legislatures which have three or more separate assemblies, chambers or houses. As of 2015, somewhat less than half of the world's national legislatures are bicameral. Often, the members of the two chambers are elected or selected using different methods, which vary from country to country. Enactment of primary legislation often requires a concurrent majority, the approval of a majority of members in each of the chambers of the legislature. However, in many Westminster system parliaments, the house to which the executive is responsible can overrule the other house. Bicameralism is an essential and defining feature of the classical notion of mixed government.

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