El Levítico (en griego: Λευιτικός [Leuitikós], ‘acerca de los Levitas’; en hebreo: ויקרא [Vayikra], ‘y Él llamó’) es uno de los libros bíblicos del Antiguo Testamento y del Tanaj. Aunque tenga fragmentos más antiguos, hay consenso entre los estudiosos de la Biblia en que adquirió su actual forma durante el período persa (entre los siglos VI y IV A.C). Forma parte del Pentateuco, y de la Torá judía (“La Ley”). Se lo cuenta entre los libros históricos y en ambas versiones es el tercero, ubicado entre Éxodo y Números.

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The Book of Leviticus (/lɪˈvɪtɪkəs/; from Greek Λευιτικόν, Leuitikon — from rabbinic Hebrew torat kohanim) is the third book of the Greek Old Testament of Christian biblical canons, and the third of five books of the Pentateuch. The Hebrew name of the third book of the Jewish Bible (Hebrew: וַיִּקְרָא Vayikra/Wayyiqrā), and the third of five books of the Torah, comes from its first word vayikraˈ, "He [God] called." Its Greek name Levitikon, "things pertaining to the Levites", and its Latin name Leviticus, are based on the term torat kohanim, "instruction of (or ′for′) the priests" from early rabbinic times. The English name is from the Latin Leviticus, taken in turn from Greek and a reference to the Levites, the tribe of Aaron, from whom the Kohanim ('"priests") descended. The book, however, addresses all the people of Israel (1:2) though some passages address the priests specifically (6:8). Most of its chapters (1–7, 11–27) consist of God's speeches to Moses which he is commanded to repeat to the Israelites. This takes place within the story of the Israelites' Exodus after they escaped Egypt and reached Mt. Sinai (Exodus 19:1). The Book of Exodus narrates how Moses led the Israelites in building the Tabernacle (Exodus 35–40) based on God's instructions (Exodus 25–31). Then in Leviticus, God tells the Israelites and their priests how to make offerings in the Tabernacle and how to conduct themselves while camped around the holy tent sanctuary. Leviticus takes place during the month or month-and-a-half between the completion of the Tabernacle (Exodus 40:17) and the Israelites' departure from Sinai (Numbers 1:1, 10:11). The instructions of Leviticus emphasize ritual, legal and moral practices rather than beliefs. Nevertheless, they reflect the world view of the creation story in Genesis 1 that God wishes to live with humans. The book teaches that faithful performance of the sanctuary rituals can make that possible, so long as the people avoid sin and impurity whenever possible. The rituals, especially the sin and guilt offerings, provide the means to gain forgiveness for sins (Leviticus 4–5) and purification from impurities (Leviticus 11–16) so that God can continue to live in the Tabernacle in the midst of the people.

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