Libido (del lat. libido: «deseo», «pulsión» y en un sentido estricto: «lascivia») es un término que se usa en medicina y psicoanálisis de manera general para denominar al deseo sexual de una persona. Como comportamiento sexual, la libido ocuparía la fase apetitiva en la cual un individuo trata de acceder a una pareja potencial mediante el desarrollo de ciertas pautas etológicas. No obstante, existen definiciones más técnicas del concepto, como las encontradas en las obras de Sigmund Freud y Carl Gustav Jung que hacen referencia a la fuerza o energía psíquica. Estos autores vinculan la energía libidinal, respectivamente, a las pulsiones y a su carácter eminentemente sexual como meta primaria (Freud) o a una energía mental indeterminada que mueve el desarrollo personal general de un individuo (Jung). Sigmund Freud, a su vez, habría tomado el término de A. Moll, quien lo utilizó en 1898 en la obra Untersuchungen über die Libido sexualis [«Investigaciones acerca de la Libido sexualis»].

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Libido (/lᵻˈbiːdoʊ/), colloquially known as sex drive, is a person's overall sexual drive or desire for sexual activity. Sex drive is influenced by biological, psychological and social factors. Biologically, the sex hormones and associated neurotransmitters that act upon the nucleus accumbens (primarily testosterone and dopamine, respectively) regulate libido in humans. Social factors, such as work and family, and internal psychological factors, like personality and stress, can affect libido. Sex drive can also be affected by medical conditions, medications, lifestyle and relationship issues, and age (e.g., puberty). A person who has extremely frequent or a suddenly increased sex drive may be experiencing hypersexuality, while the opposite condition is hyposexuality. A person may have a desire for sex, but not have the opportunity to act on that desire, or may on personal, moral or religious reasons refrain from acting on the urge. Psychologically, a person's urge can be repressed or sublimated. On the other hand, a person can engage in sexual activity without an actual desire for it. Multiple factors affect human sex drive, including stress, illness, pregnancy, and others. Sexual desires are often an important factor in the formation and maintenance of intimate relationships in humans. A lack or loss of sexual desire can adversely affect relationships. Changes in the sexual desires of any partner in a sexual relationship, if sustained and unresolved, may cause problems in the relationship. The infidelity of a partner may be an indication that a partner's changing sexual desires can no longer be satisfied within the current relationship. Problems can arise from disparity of sexual desires between partners, or poor communication between partners of sexual needs and preferences. A person is sex starved or sexually frustrated when they have a libido but cannot satisfy it due to a lack of outlet or companion to release their sexual tension.

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