Rabaul es una ciudad portuaria situada en la provincia de Nueva Bretaña del Este, en la isla de Nueva Bretaña, en el país de Papúa Nueva Guinea. Nueva Bretaña es una isla situada a unos 60 kilómetros al este de la isla de Nueva Guinea. Rabaul fue la capital de la provincia y el asentamiento más importante de la provincia hasta que fue destruida en 1994 por la caída de cenizas de una erupción volcánica. Durante la erupción, la ceniza se envió a miles de metros en el aire y la posterior lluvia de cenizas causó 80 % de los edificios de Rabaul se colapse. Después de la erupción de la capital se trasladó a Kokopo, a unos 20 kilómetros (12 millas) de distancia. Rabaul está continuamente amenazada por la actividad volcánica debido a haber sido construido en el borde de la caldera de Rabaul, una caldera inundada de un gran escudo piroclástico.

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Rabaul is a township in East New Britain province, on the island of New Britain, in the country of Papua New Guinea. New Britain is an island about 60 kilometres to the east of the island of New Guinea. Rabaul was the provincial capital and most important settlement in the province until it was destroyed in 1994 by falling ash of a volcanic eruption. During the eruption, ash was sent thousands of metres into the air and the subsequent rain of ash caused 80% of the buildings in Rabaul to collapse. After the eruption the capital was moved to Kokopo, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) away. Rabaul is continually threatened by volcanic activity due to having been built on the edge of Rabaul caldera, a flooded caldera of a large pyroclastic shield. Rabaul was planned and built around the harbor area known as Simpsonhafen [Simpson Harbour] during the German New Guinea administration which controlled the region between 1884 and formally through 1919. From 1910 Rabaul was the headquarters of German New Guinea until captured by the British Empire during the early days of World War I. It became the capital of the Australian mandated Territory of New Guinea until 1937 when it was first destroyed by volcano. During World War II it was captured by the Japanese in 1942, and it became the main base of Japanese military and naval activity in the South Pacific. Settlements and military installations around the edge of the caldera are often collectively referred to as Rabaul despite the old town of Rabaul itself being reduced to practical insignificance by the volcanic eruption in 1994. As a tourist destination, Rabaul is popular for its volcanoes, scuba diving and for snorkelling sites, spectacular harbour and other scenery, World War II history, flora and fauna, and, of course, the fascinating and colourful cultural life of the Tolai people. Before the 1994 eruption, Rabaul was a popular commercial and recreational boating destination; fewer private small craft visit now, but 10-12 cruise ships visit Rabaul each year, including the Queen Elizabeth carrying up to 5000 passengers. Tourism is a major industry in Rabaul and East New Britain generally.

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