Mitzvá מצוה es una palabra hebrea que significa "mandamiento" (plural mitzvot; de צוה, tzivvah - "mandar"). La palabra se usa en el judaísmo para referirse a \n* (a) los 613 preceptos de la Torá (los primeros cinco libros de la Biblia), \n* o (b) cualquier ley judía (Halajá) El Rabino Moshe ben Maimon, también conocido como Rambam (por sus siglas en hebreo, רמביים) o Maimónides, fue uno de los primeros codificadores de la Ley Judía. Sus catorce volúmenes de la Mishna Torá (Yad Hachazakah) cubre toda la Ley Judía, creencia y práctica. Dividió las 613 Mandamientos en 14 libros, con 83 secciones. Los 613 mandamientos que el Eterno exige que Israel cumpla, están distribuidos a lo largo de la Torá, que es conocida en español como "el Pentateuco".

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In its primary meaning, the Hebrew word mitzvah (/ˈmɪtsvə/; meaning "commandment", מִצְוָה, [mit͡sˈva], Biblical: miṣwah; plural מִצְווֹת mitzvot [mit͡sˈvot], Biblical: miṣwoth; from צִוָּה ṣiwwah "command") refers to precepts and commandments commanded by God. It is used in rabbinical Judaism to refer to the 613 commandments given in the Torah at biblical Mount Sinai and the seven rabbinic commandments instituted later for a total of 620. The 613 commandments are divided into two categories: 365 negative commandments and 248 positive commandments. According to the Talmud, all moral laws are, or are derived from, divine commandments. The opinions of the Talmudic rabbis are divided between those who seek the purpose of the mitzvot and those who do not question them. The latter argue that if the reason for each mitzvah could be determined, people might try to achieve what they see as the purpose of the mitzvah, without actually performing the mitzvah itself (lishmah), which would become self-defeating. The former believe that people were to understand the reason and the purpose for each mitzvah, it would actually help them to observe and perform the mitzvah (some mitzvot are given reasons in the Torah). In its secondary meaning, Hebrew mitzvah, as with English "commandment", refers to a moral deed performed as a religious duty. As such, the term mitzvah has also come to express an act of human kindness. The tertiary meaning of mitzvah also refers to the fulfillment of a mitzvah.

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