El Memorándum de Budapest sobre Garantías de Seguridad es un acuerdo político firmado en Budapest, Hungría, el 5 de diciembre de 1994, ofreciendo garantías de seguridad por parte de sus signatarios con respecto a la adhesión de Ucrania al Tratado de No Proliferación Nuclear. El Memorándum fue originalmente suscrito por tres potencias nucleares: la Federación Rusa, los Estados Unidos y el Reino Unido. China y Francia más tarde consignaron análogas declaraciones individuales de garantía. Ucrania cedió 5000 bombas nucleares y 220 vehículos de largo alcance necesarios para usarlas, incluyendo 176 misiles balísticos intercontinentales y 44 aviones bombarderos de gran alcance con capacidad nuclear. El memorándum incluye garantías de seguridad frente a las amenazas o el uso de la fuerza contra la integridad territorial o la independencia política de Ucrania, así como la de Bielorrusia y Kazajistán. Como resultado, Ucrania cedió el tercer arsenal de armas nucleares en el mundo entre 1994 y 1996. Durante la crisis de Crimea de 2014, los Estados Unidos declararon que el involucramiento ruso es una violación de sus obligaciones para con a Ucrania en el contexto del Memorándum de Budapest, y en clara violación de la soberanía y la integridad territorial da Ucrania.

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The Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances refers to three identical political agreements signed in Budapest, Hungary on 5 December 1994, providing security assurances by its signatories relating to Belarus', Kazakhstan's and Ukraine's accession to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. The Memorandum was originally signed by three nuclear powers, the Russian Federation, the United States of America, and the United Kingdom. China and France gave somewhat weaker individual assurances in separate documents. The memorandum included security assurances against threats or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan. As a result, between 1994 and 1996, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine gave up their nuclear weapons. Before that, Ukraine had the world's third largest nuclear weapons stockpile, of which Ukraine had physical if not operational control. The use of the weapons was dependent on Russian-controlled electronic Permissive Action Links and the Russian command and control system. Following the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014, the US, Canada, the UK, along with other countries, stated that Russian involvement is a breach of its obligations to Ukraine under the Budapest Memorandum, a Memorandum transmitted to the United Nations under the signature of Sergei Lavrov, amongst others, and in violation of Ukrainian sovereignty and territorial integrity. Russia stated that the Budapest Memorandum does not apply to the 2014 annexation, stating that it was driven by an internal political and social-economic crisis. Russia stated it was never under obligation to "force any part of Ukraine's civilian population to stay in Ukraine against its will." Russia suggested that the US was in violation of the Budapest Memorandum, describing the Euromaidan as a "US-instigated coup".

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