La mantequilla (en Argentina, Paraguay y Uruguay manteca) es la emulsión de grasa, agua y sólidos lácteos, obtenida como resultado del batido, amasado y lavado de los conglomerados de glóbulos grasos, que se forman por el batido de la crema de leche o nata y es apta para el consumo humano, con o sin maduración biológica producida por bacterias lácticas específicas. No debe confundirse con la manteca vegetal que no es más que aceite vegetal solidificado tras ser sometido a un proceso de hidrogenación. Esta se utiliza para la elaboración de margarina y puede ser perjudicial si contiene gran proporción de ácidos grasos trans. Su color amarillento se debe a la presencia de betacaroteno.

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Butter is a solid dairy product made by churning fresh or fermented cream or milk, to separate the butterfat from the buttermilk. It is generally used as a spread on plain or toasted bread products and a condiment on cooked vegetables, as well as in cooking, such as baking, sauce making, and pan frying. Butter consists of butterfat, milk proteins and water. Most frequently made from cows' milk, butter can also be manufactured from the milk of other mammals, including sheep, goats, buffalo, and yaks. Salt such as dairy salt, flavorings and preservatives are sometimes added to butter. Rendering butter produces clarified butter or ghee, which is almost entirely butterfat. Butter is a water-in-oil emulsion resulting from an inversion of the cream; in a water-in-oil emulsion, the milk proteins are the emulsifiers. Butter remains a solid when refrigerated, but softens to a spreadable consistency at room temperature, and melts to a thin liquid consistency at 32–35 °C (90–95 °F). The density of butter is 911 g/L (0.950 lbs per US pint). It generally has a pale yellow color, but varies from deep yellow to nearly white. Its unmodified color is dependent on the animals' feed and is commonly manipulated with food colorings in the commercial manufacturing process, most commonly annatto or carotene.

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