La Unión de las Comoras (en francés: Union des Comores; en comorense: Udzima wa Komori; en árabe: جزر القمر, Ğuzur al-Qamar), o simplemente las Comoras o Comores, (antiguamente República Federal Islámica de las Comoras) es un país formado por tres islas en el sureste de África, situado al extremo norte del canal de Mozambique en el océano Índico, entre el norte de Madagascar y el norte de Mozambique. El país consta de tres islas volcánicas: Gran Comora (Ngazidja), Mohéli (Mwali) y Anjouan (Nzwani), mientras que la vecina isla de Mayotte (Mahore), reclamada por Comoras, sigue perteneciendo a Francia. El territorio comprende además otras pequeñas islas. Comoras es el único estado en ser miembro de la Unión Africana, de la Organización Internacional de la Francofonía, de la Organización para la Cooperación Islámica, de la Liga Árabe (de los que es el estado más meridional de los países que agrupa, siendo así mismo el único estado incluido en la Liga Árabe que está totalmente circunscrito al Hemisferio Sur) y de la Comisión del Océano Índico. El nombre deriva de la palabra árabe قمر (qamar), "luna". El nombre actual en árabe es precisamente "islas de la luna" (جزر القمر, ŷuzuru l-qamar), y en su bandera aparece la media luna musulmana. Este nombre había sido usado por los geógrafos árabes para denominar a Madagascar. En 2008 aproximadamente la mitad de la población vive por debajo del índice internacional de pobreza de 1,25 dólares al día.

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The Comoros (/ˈkɒməroʊz/; Arabic: جزر القمر‎‎, Juzur al-QumurQamar), officially the Union of the Comoros (Comorian: Udzima wa Komori, French: Union des Comores, Arabic: الاتحاد القمري‎‎ al-Ittiḥād al-QumurīQamarī), is a sovereign archipelago island nation in the Indian Ocean located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel off the eastern coast of Africa between northeastern Mozambique and northwestern Madagascar. Other countries near the Comoros are Tanzania to the northwest and the Seychelles to the northeast. Its capital is Moroni, on Grande Comore. At 1,660 km2 (640 sq mi), excluding the contested island of Mayotte, the Comoros is the third-smallest African nation by area. The population, excluding Mayotte, is estimated at 798,000. As a nation formed at a crossroads of different civilizations, the archipelago is noted for its diverse culture and history. The archipelago was first inhabited by Bantu speakers who came from East Africa, supplemented by Arab and Austronesian immigration. It became part of the French colonial empire in the 19th century before becoming independent in 1975. Since declaring independence, the country has experienced more than 20 coups d'état or attempted coups, with various heads of state assassinated. Along with this constant political instability, the population of the Comoros lives with the worst income inequality of any nation, with a Gini coefficient over 60%, while also ranking in the worst quartile on the Human Development Index. As of 2008 about half the population lived below the international poverty line of US$1.25 a day. The Union of the Comoros has three official languages – Comorian, Arabic and French. The religion of the majority of the population is Islam. The country consists of three major islands and numerous smaller islands, all in the volcanic Comoros archipelago. The major islands are commonly known by their French names: northwestern-most Grande Comore (Ngazidja); Mohéli (Mwali); and Anjouan (Nzwani). In addition, the country has a claim on a fourth major island, southeastern-most Mayotte (Maore), though Mayotte voted against independence from France in 1974, has never been administered by an independent Comoros government, and continues to be administered by France (currently as an overseas department). France has vetoed United Nations Security Council resolutions that would affirm Comorian sovereignty over the island. In addition, Mayotte became an overseas department and a region of France in 2011 following a referendum passed overwhelmingly. The Comoros is the only state to be a member of the African Union, Francophonie, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, Arab League (of which it is the southernmost state, being the only member of the Arab League which is entirely within the Southern Hemisphere) and the Indian Ocean Commission.

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