La masturbación, tanto femenina como masculina, es la estimulación de los órganos genitales con el objeto de obtener placer sexual, pudiendo llegar o no al orgasmo. La masturbación puede realizarse por uno mismo en solitario o como estimulación realizada sobre los genitales de otra persona con los mismos fines placenteros, como ocurre en la masturbación mutua. La masturbación suele efectuarse con las manos o mediante el frotamiento de los genitales contra algún objeto adecuado, como los llamados «juguetes sexuales», para obtener este tipo de excitación. Se atribuye a Sigmund Freud el descubrimiento de que la masturbación es algo común en la infancia. Sin embargo, debemos más el conocimiento de la sexualidad humana en la actualidad a un coetáneo suyo: Havelock Ellis. Este autor no solo señaló que la masturbación era común en los hombres, sino que también se trataba de una práctica habitual en las mujeres de todas las edades. También es bien conocida la práctica en perros y otros mamíferos.

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Masturbation is the sexual stimulation of one's own genitals for sexual arousal or other sexual pleasure, usually to the point of orgasm. The stimulation may involve hands, fingers, everyday objects, sex toys such as vibrators, or combinations of these. Mutual masturbation (mutual manual stimulation of the genitals between partners) can be a substitute for sexual penetration. Studies have found that masturbation is frequent in humans of both sexes and all ages, although there is variation. Various medical and psychological benefits have been attributed to a healthy attitude toward sexual activity in general and to masturbation in particular. No causal relationship is known between masturbation and any form of mental or physical disorder. Masturbation has been depicted in art since prehistoric times and is mentioned and discussed in very early writings. In the 18th and 19th centuries, some European theologians and physicians described it as "heinous", "deplorable", and "hideous", but during the 20th century, these taboos generally declined. There has been an increase in discussion and portrayal of masturbation in art, popular music, television, films, and literature. Today, religions vary in their views of masturbation; some view it as a spiritually detrimental practice, some see it as not spiritually detrimental, and others take a situational view. The legal status of masturbation has also varied through history and masturbation in public is illegal in most countries. In the West, masturbation in private or with a partner is generally considered a normal and healthy part of sexual enjoyment. Animal masturbation has been observed in many species, both in the wild and in captivity.

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