Liturgy (Greek: λειτουργία), literally 'the work of the people,' and translated idiomatically as 'public service' in secular terms is the customary public worship performed by a religious group, according to its particular beliefs, customs and traditions. Technically speaking, liturgy is a subset of ritual. When ritual is undertaken in order to participate in a divine act or assist a divine action, it is liturgy. If the ritual does not have this purpose it is not liturgy, but only ritual. Thus, the word, sometimes rendered by its English translation "Service or Divine Service", refers to a formal ritual, which may or may not be elaborate, and enacted by those who understand themselves to be participating in a divine action, such as the Eastern Orthodox Divine Liturgy (Greek: Θεία Λειτουργία), Catholic Mass, the Eucharist or Mass (Anglican Communion). However, a daily activity such as the Muslim salah and Jewish synagogue services would be ritual, but not liturgy. If the Temple were re-established, the ritual undertaken by the Judaic priesthood within the Temple would be liturgy. As a religious phenomenon, liturgy is a communal response to, and participation in, the sacred through activity reflecting praise, thanksgiving, supplication, or repentance. Ritualization may be associated with life events such as birth, coming of age, marriage and death. It thus forms the basis for establishing a relationship with a divine agency, as well as with other participants in the liturgy. Methods of dress, preparation of food, application of cosmetics or other hygienic practices are all considered liturgical activities.

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