A rehearsal is an activity in the performing arts that occurs as preparation for a performance in music, theatre, dance and related arts, such as opera, musical theatre and film production. It is undertaken as a form of practising, to ensure that all details of the subsequent performance are adequately prepared and coordinated. The term "rehearsal" typically refers to ensemble activities undertaken by a group of people. For example, when a musician is preparing a piano concerto alone in their music studio, this is called "practicing", but when they begin to practice the concerto with an orchestra, this activity is called a "rehearsal". The music rehearsal takes place in a music rehearsal space. A rehearsal may involve as few as two people, as with a small play for two actors, an art song performance by a singer and a pianist or a folk music duo of a singer and a guitar player. On the other end of the spectrum, a rehearsal can be held for a very large orchestra with over 100 performers and a choir. A rehearsal can involve only performers of one type, as in an a cappella choir show, in which a group of singers perform without instrumental accompaniment or a play involving only theatre actors; it can involve performers of different instruments, as with an orchestra, rock band or jazz "big band"; vocal and instrumental performers, as with opera and choral works accompanied by orchestra; or a mix of actors, vocalists, instrumentalists and dancers, as with musical theatre. Rehearsals of small groups of performers, such as small rock bands, jazz quartets or organ trios may be held without a leader; in these cases, the performers themselves jointly determine how to run the rehearsal, which songs to practice, and so on. Some small groups may have their rehearsals led by a bandleader. Almost all mid- to large group performances have a person who leads the rehearsals; this person may be a bandleader in a rock, country or jazz setting; a conductor in classical music (including in opera); a director in theatre or musical theatre; or a film director for movie rehearsals. While the term is most commonly used in the performing arts to refer to preparation for a public presentation or show, the term is also used to refer to the preparation for other anticipated activities, such as wedding guests and couples practicing a wedding ceremony, paramedics practicing responding to a simulated emergency, or army troops practicing for an attack using a mock-up of the building they will be assaulting.

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